The apparel manufacturing industry stands at a critical crossroads. Rapid advancements in technology, the evolution of customer expectations along with a tightening of sustainability regulations, are causing the landscape to be reshaped. The urgent need for upskilling the workforce has been highlighted as a result of these changes, which will enable the sector to not just stay competitive, but also to maintain its productivity and to meet its sustainability goals in the quickly evolving market.
Over 75 million people are employed by the global apparel industry, the majority of whom work in developing countries, especially in South Asia and Southeast Asia. However, this workforce has a significant skill gap despite its sheer size. The demand for advanced skills in this industry is growing at a rapid rate as various technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), automation and digital technologies become more integral to apparel production. By 2030 it is predicted that nearly 40 per cent of the current jobs in the apparel industry will require a totally new set of skills, says The World Economic Forum’s 2023 Future of Jobs Report.
Skill gaps are most evident in several key areas which include digital pattern making, sustainability practices, robotics and AI-based quality control. As an example, 68 per cent of workers in the industry have a reported lack of proficiency in AI and data analytics, while 72 per cent lack skills in robotics and automation, underlining the pressing need for workers to adapt to the changing demands of their roles with the use of comprehensive upskilling and reskilling strategies.
Major industry reports have given insights which reinforce this urgency. A widening gap between the preparedness of the workforce and the pace of digital transformation is highlighted by McKinsey & Company’s State of Fashion 2024 report. In a similar vein, the International Labour Organization (ILO), in its Global Employment Trends Report has warned that there is a risk that countries which rely on outdated production practices may lose out to regions that have greater automated infrastructure and workers which are better-trained. Additionally, increasing pressure from the US and EU markets for environmentally sustainable manufacturing has been flagged by the Textile Value Chain Analysis 2023, which further underscores the need for training in waste management and eco-friendly practices.
Digital and 3D design tools are expected to see a soaring demand to the tune of 120 per cent and smart textiles and AI-powered quality control are gaining ground as innovations and have projected rates of growth of 90 per cent and 140 per cent respectively. On top of that, the demand for sustainability from the consumer has made critical expertise in recycling, supply chain analytics and circular fashion.
Apparel manufacturers, in order to stay ahead, need to place a strategic emphasis on the development of their workforce. As AI-driven sewing machines and automated inspection systems become mainstream, training for advanced automation and robotics is no longer optional. Similarly, training in sustainability has to cover everything from biodegradable textiles to non-toxic dyeing techniques and upcycling processes.
The way factories operate is also being changed by AI and data analytics, which tend to enhance demand forecasting, production planning and maintenance efficiency. Costs can be reduced and outputs increased once there are workers who can understand these tools. However, not just technical know-how but leadership, communication, and adaptability are becoming just as important. Soft skills, which include problem-solving and team leadership, have become vital for workforce management as production models shift to become more agile and decentralised.
As a compelling case study, Bangladesh offers a good example. The country, which has become the world’s second-largest apparel exporter, has shown how industry growth can be driven via targeted skill-building. Over half a million workers have received industry-relevant training through initiatives like the Skills for Employment Investment Program (SEIP) – which has been backed by the Bangladesh Government, the BGMEA as well as the Asian Development Bank.
In a global context, further inspiration can be provided using the best practices. A widely respected system, which combines classroom learning with hands-on apprenticeships, is Germany’s dual vocation system. Smart manufacturing and AI has been incorporated into China’s vocational curriculum, while the SAMARTH program from India aims to train over 1 million workers in key apparel skills. Targeted training is being used by Vietnam using collaboration with global fashion brands to promote lean manufacturing and ethical production.
A strong collaboration is occurring between Governments, industries and academia. Countries need to strengthen these ties and introduce mandatory certification programs aligning with industry demands to replicate their successes. These would serve to not only boost employability but also have the added benefit of standardising skills across the sector. A huge potential can also be seen in tech-enabled learning platforms – from online courses to immersive AR/VR training environments. Manufacturers can also be encouraged to invest in long-term workforce development by offering tax breaks, subsidies and other investments.
A strategic roadmap for the sector is needed so that recommendations can be turned into results. This would mean building closer connections between educational institutions and manufacturers, supporting public-private partnerships, and investing in continuous, tech-enabled learning platforms. The initiatives, taken together, will help align training programs with the real-world needs of the industry, which would tend to improve both innovation and productivity.
Closing the skills gap has become an absolute necessity for the future of apparel manufacturing, rather than just a nice-to-have feature. A resilient and sustainable industry can be built, which will be even more competitive by investing in workforce development today. The smartest investment the sector can make is preparing workers for what lies ahead, as the global apparel market is reshaped by automation and sustainability.
Ultimately, this is a call to action for everyone involved—governments, manufacturers, educators, and investors. Structured, forward-thinking training programs don’t just future-proof the industry; they support broader economic growth and contribute meaningfully to global development goals. With the right focus and commitment, the apparel industry can thrive in the face of change—and lead the way into a smarter, greener future.
About:
Rahul Kumar is the Project Director and heads the L & OD vertical of the Consulting division at Groyyo. Rahul has over 24+ years’ experience.
His career summary includes:
Successful experience with proven competency in large scale project management (B2C,B2B & B2G) Education, L&OD. Technical Vocational Education-Skill development – Business Development, Livelihood, Rural Entrepreneurship, Monitoring & Evaluation, Employment Training for youths and marginal groups. Bringing about substantial change in the lives of youth, especially women. He has a consistent track record of delivering profitable growth and building Education/ Technical Vocational Education / Skill development/ L&OD vertical in the most efficient & organizations.
He has worked in Education, Vocational & Skilling space, as well as with Corporates, Government and funding organizations like UNDP, ADB, World Bank NSDC, MoRD, MoLE & SSDMs.
